Currently reading: UK 'back in the game' after one million vehicles produced in 2023

However, SMMT predicts fewer cars will roll off production lines in 2024 amid "unrelenting" challenges

UK vehicle production in 2023 hit one million units for the first time since pre-Covid 2019, with multibillion-pound EV investment from major car makers pushing the UK “back in the game”, the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) said today.

SMMT chief Mike Hawes called the 1,025,474 total (905,117 cars, 120,357 commercial vehicles; up 17% year on year) a “surprise”, especially given the supply chain difficulties that hampered car makers in 2023. Shipping issues in the Red Sea, caused by Houthi militia ship attacks, are expected to bring more problems to the fore soon, he added.

Despite the surprise, the SMMT predicts fewer cars will be produced in 2024, although a push from commercial vehicle manufacturers, such as Vauxhall and its now-upgraded Ellesmere Port factory, will grow overall production to 1.04 million units.

As well as the predicted shipping issues, the SMMT expects output in 2024 to be hampered by car makers such as JLR swapping ICE production to EVs and getting factories ready for their electric futures. The ZEV mandate, which dictates that 22% of total cars sales must be electric, rising each year, is another potential hurdle.

“We are in a much better position than a year ago, but the challenges are unrelenting,” said Hawes.

The last-minute push back of the rules of origin agreement – a week before it was due to be implemented – has also stalled early-year production, with many car makers having already pushed back EV builds in case the deal fell through. Now due to take effect in 2027, the legislation limits where parts for an electric car can be sourced, with tariffs imposed on cars that fail to meet the rules.

“The first few months of EV production will be volatile as many manufacturers would have bet on the rules of origin deal not happening,” Hawes told journalists.

EVs are another big topic for the SMMT and Hawes has already called on the government to reduce VAT on electric car purchases – as happens for fleet buyers – as a type of buying incentive. 

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“We need to increase the demand for EVs to make them a more attractive proposition,” he said.

The call to incentivise EVs comes off the back of more than £23.7 billion of investment from government funds, as well as Tata, JLR, Vauxhall and Nissan, which has shown the UK is “back in the game”, having being “nigh-on ‘uninvestable’ for the past few years”, said Hawes.

He added that a key element of this was JLR owner Tata’s decision to locate its £4bn battery facility in the UK – all but confirmed to be in Somerset – in preference to offers from countries such as Spain. 

“If Tata had not invested here, it would have been even harder to attract new investment,” he said, adding that, as Tata did, “there is obviously something we are doing right”.

However, he warned the UK not to rest on its laurels if it wants to attract future investment: “This year we need to be turning investments into spades in the ground”.

He added: “With global competition as fierce as it has ever been and amid escalating geopolitical tensions, both government and industry must remain singularly focused on competitiveness, with all the jobs and growth this will bring.”

Hawes again turned to increasing the UK’s private EV uptake as a key factor in achieving this investment: “We need to have a strong domestic market for electric cars. Otherwise why [would manufacturers and investors] come here and not go to the EU?.

“We need to make sure that measures come in as quickly as they can. The government can help with that.”

Last year, exports were by far again the UK’s biggest market, with 713,870 vehicles shipped overseas compared with just 191,247 made for domestic registrations. Although the EU was the key destination for most of those exports (60.3%), a key standout was Turkey, which recorded a 224% surge in UK imports to 27,346 vehicles. Another, and very unexpected, was Australia, with a 62% rise. “We need to look into that to understand why,” said Hawes.

In the UK, Nissan was the top producer, with 324,893 (up 36.3%) Jukes, Leafs and Qashqais produced at its Sunderland plant. Nissan was followed by JLR (238,422; up 17.6%), Mini (184,996; down 0.7%), Toyota (122,193; up 15.7%) and Bentley (12,859; down 17.8%).

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Will Rimell

Will Rimell Autocar
Title: News editor

Will is Autocar's news editor.​ His focus is on setting Autocar's news agenda, interviewing top executives, reporting from car launches, and unearthing exclusives.

As part of his role, he also manages Autocar Business – the brand's B2B platform – and Haymarket's aftermarket publication CAT.

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