Currently reading: Should I buy a car imported into the UK from Japan?

The UK now imports thousands of CAZ-compliant, "meticulously maintained" cars from Japan

Remember the Eunos Roadster, the right-hand-drive Mazda MX-5 shipped by UK importers from Japan that was popular in the early 2000s?

I had one, devoid of service history and with uncertain mileage but reliable and rust-free.

Today, the trade in used grey-import performance cars from Japan, where like us they drive on the left, continues with companies supplying models such as Nissan Skylines and Honda Type Rs, although in better condition and with ample evidence of their service history and mileage.

Another, increasingly popular trade exists in used, right-hand-drive German and Swedish family cars imported from the same country – models such as the Volkswagen Touran, Golf and Polo, BMW 1 Series, 3 Series and 5 Series (the estate versions of the bigger two especially), Mercedes C- and E-Class (again, mainly estate versions), Audi A4 Avant and A6 Avant and Volvo estates.

Most are petrol automatics and older than 10 years because Japan imports of this age are not required to be tested under the UK’s complex Individual Vehicle Approval scheme. However, they must have Japanese type approval.

Used japanese cars volkswagen polo bmw 1 series

In the first three months of this year, the UK imported almost 5000 used cars from Japan. Around 30% of them were European models, the majority Volksawgens but also BMWs, Mercedes, Audis, Volvos and Minis.

The remaining 70% were Japanese cars: hybrids, MPVs, SUVs and some performance cars. The origins of the trade go back to 2008, when Japan’s and Europe’s type approval regulations became more closely aligned and European car makers began exporting their vehicles to Japan with features such as rear fog lights and headlight washers. 

Gradually, a few used cars began to trickle back to the UK. It took off, though, with the creation of the UK’s low-emission zones in city centres. These penalise diesel cars below the Euro 6 emissions standard introduced in 2014 and petrol cars below Euro 4 (from 2005).

They have triggered a demand for family cars costing around £9000 that can enter the zones without attracting a charge.

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Volkswagen golfs used

Unfortunately, UK used cars that qualify are in short supply and often in questionable condition with high mileages. Not so, those imported from Japan.

According to a report by Volksawgen, in Japan “many customers maintain their vehicles extraordinarily meticulously and go to their dealer’s workshop for small things”. One reason for this is the ‘shaken’, Japan’s equivalent of the MOT test.

It occurs first when the car is three years old and then every two years following – and it’s expensive: around £1500 and rising as the car becomes older. It’s why, rather than face these mounting costs, many owners change their cars “as often as their smartphones”, according to Volkswagen's report.

The shaken is a terrifying prospect but Japanese drivers then face a further challenge: selling their unwanted car in a tightly regulated and crowded market. As a result, around 1.2 million used cars are exported from Japan each year.

Russia and the United Arab Emirates take the lion’s share, at 200,000 imports apiece. Ranking in 16th place is the UK, at 20,000. 

Japanese imports two

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Neil Howe has been importing European cars from Japan since 2016. He visits the country every couple of months to view cars and meet the agents who source them for his retail business, Winterstoke Motor Company near Bristol, and for other UK dealers he supplies.

“The typical ex-Japan car is in much better condition than a UK vehicle and has a lower mileage,” he says. “Full service histories – being digital means they’re easy to verify – are common, even on low-mileage cars, and many replacement parts are original equipment, fitted by main dealers.”

The cars he imports have their mileages and provenance checked by the British Independent Motor Trade Association (BIMTA). Formed 20 years ago as part of a campaign to allow more imports of cars into the UK, the organisation is today recognised by government agencies.

Used cars

Cars that satisfy its checks are awarded a BIMTA certificate and a guarantee that the mileage is correct. In addition, Howe supplies an export certificate, issued in Japan but partly written in English, that confirms details such as the vehicle’s chassis number and shaken record and that no finance is owing on the car, and either the service book or a print-out of the car’s digital service record, again written in English.

Because the imported cars were manufactured to meet EEA/UN as well as Japan type approval regulations, their factory-fitted lights satisfy UK road laws. In the car’s system menu, the odometer and speedometer can be changed to read miles. 

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Conversions that are required usually concern updates to the navigation system. However, every car is different in this respect, says Howe, with Volvos being among the more challenging.

As the UK’s used car drought continues and more people are forced out of their non-ULEZ-compliant cars, a used Japanese import might just be the answer for a family car buyer on a budget.

How to insure a Japanese import

They may satisfy European type approval laws, have similar specifications and be as easy to repair and to source parts for as UK cars, but used European cars imported from Japan appear to be more expensive to insure. For example, we were quoted £312 to insure a Volkswagen Touran 1.4 TSI SE DSG imported from Japan compared with £276 for its UK equivalent.

Japanese imports

Five imports we found

Volkswagen Touran 1.4 TSI SE DSG 2011/06, 44,000 miles, £8990: Few UK equivalents but around £1500 cheaper

Volkswagen Golf 1.4 TSI SE DSG 2012/12, 49,500 miles, £7995: Around £500 cheaper than UK equivalent

BMW 116i Sport Auto 2012/12, 44,000 miles, £8990: Roughly same price as UK equivalent

Audi S4 Quattro 2010/10, 46,000 miles, £13,995: Few UK cars with such a low mileage

Volvo V70 2.5 R-Design SE Auto 2009/59, 55,000 miles, £9990: Rare petrol version with ULEZ advantage over diesel

FAQs

Why are cars imported from Japan so cheap?

Cars imported to the UK from Japan are often cheaper than equivalent models originally supplied here because they are valued so poorly in Japan. This is a result of the nation’s equivalent to the MOT test, called the ‘shaken’. The first ‘shaken’ is required when a car turns three years old, and has to be updated every two years thereafter. It’s very expensive, with costs starting around £1500 and increasing with the car’s age, which encourages Japanese motorists to regularly swap into new vehicles.  This floods the nation’s second-hand car market with low-mileage cars that have been well looked after, and few buyers willing to swallow the cost of putting them through the shaken. As such, they are cheap for exporters to buy, and – when shipped in bulk – they are not too costly to transport, either. Moreover, Japan’s type-approval process became incredibly similar to that of Europe in 2008, meaning many cars from the nation are compliant with UK road laws from the factory; so importers do not need to modify them at extra cost once they’re in the country.

Why are cars imported from Japan more expensive to insure?

Cars imported from Japan are classified as being ‘grey’ imports of non-European origin, meaning they might not comply with European or UK standards – although many do. Insurers pass the risk that a car does not comply with such standards – that it is effectively an unknown quantity – onto the motorist by increasing insurance premiums. Moreover, a car imported from Japan may use parts that are exclusive to its domestic market – special bodywork, for instance – that would make it more cost- and time-intensive to repair in the event of damage.

What are the advantages of cars imported from Japan?

The Japanese equivalent of the MOT test – the ‘shaken’ – is extraordinarily costly and strict, forcing motorists in the country to either care for their cars meticulously, or to swap out regularly. This means there is a strong supply of well-maintained, low-mileage cars coming from the country, and often at lower prices than those with provenance in the UK. Moreover, the tastes of the Japanese market differ significantly from those of the UK’s: petrol cars remained popular there when UK motorists were encouraged to choose diesels. Whereas many petrol cars produced during the mid-noughties do comply with ever-expanding ULEZ zones, very few – if any – diesels do. The difference in tastes also means there were many wacky special editions exclusive to Japan, should such things appeal. These include the Autech Bolero, a retro restyle of the Mk3 Nissan Micra, and the extravagant Toyota Harrier Zagato, a wide-body version of the orignal Lexus RX. There are also some great performance cars that were never officially brought to the UK, such as the Subaru Impreza WRX STI Spec C Type RA-R – a track-focused 50-unit special edition of the Mk3 Impreza featuring a more powerful engine, bigger Brembo brakes, thinner glass and even a lightweight 12-volt battery.

What are the disadvantages of cars imported from Japan?

Cars imported into the UK from Japan generally arrive in good condition, and tend to have full service histories – often digital, and available in English, on newer models.  However, because they were not originally supplied to the UK market, and because they may use hard-to-replace parts exclusive to Japan, they often cost more to insure than a European equivalent. Should you buy a model of car which is exclusive to the Japanese market, rather than a mere trim level or combination of options, you may also struggle to find a mechanic that is willing or able to work on that car.  Moreover, if you encounter a mechanical issue, you might have to spend a significant sum – and wait a long time – for replacement parts to be shipped from Japan.

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Peter Cavellini 12 August 2023

Or, more nails in the Western economy?, the West partly to blame themselves,so getting cheaper cars from the East that are Euro brands won't help.

Commenter 12 July 2023
For VW, it means you can get GTX models that aren't all wheel drive. The UK may yet save Japan from aversion to bev where large numbers of used cars may have nowhere to go given many poorer countries have undeveloped charging networks.
The Apprentice 11 July 2023

This could be really big business when the 2030 ban kicks in, demand for quality used petrol cars will only increase.And yes people were forced into diesels in the UK, half of new sales are into the fleet/lease market and the tax system then gave those drivers little option to go diesel or go broke. Fortunately technology has moved on and petrol vehicles are more viable again.